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Kaur, Rabinder
- Role of Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius and Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) in the Suppression of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton in Stored Rice Grain
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 329-332Abstract
The predatory performance of anthocorid bugs, Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius and Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) was evaluated against stored rice grain moth, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton. Both the predators significantly suppressed the infestation of C. cephalonica in stored rice grain. However, X. flavipes performed better than B. pallescens which was attributed to their small size enabling them to adapt to store rice grain. The higher doses of X. flavipes @ 30 nymphs/100 eggs/jar (11.9 moths/jar) and 20 nymphs/100 eggs/jar (15.5 moths/jar) were found to be most effective in suppressing the population build-up of C. cephalonica in stored rice grain. X. flavipes with respect to nymphal survival was found to be most suitable as higher number of their living nymphs (13.4 to 24.4 nymphs/jar) was recovered as compared to B. pallescens, where, negligible number of living nymphs (0–0.2 nymphs/jar) was recovered. It was concluded that X. flavipes @ 30 nymphs/jar, followed by X. flavipes @ 20 nymphs/jar was most effective in controlling C. cephalonica in stored rice grain.Keywords
Blaptostethus pallescens, Xylocoris flavipes, Predatory Performance, Nice Grain Moth, Corcyra cephalonica.References
- Ballal, C. R., Singh, S. P., Poorani, J. and Gupta, T. 2003. Biology and rearing requirement of an anthocorid predator Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius (Heteroptera: Anthcoridae). Journal of Biological Control, 17: 29–33.
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- Brower, J. H. and Press, J. W. 1992. Suppression of residual populations of stored – product pests in empty corn bins by releasing the predator Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter). Biological Control, 2: 66–72.
- Jalali, S. K. and Singh, S. P. 2002. Seasonal activity of stem borers and their natural enemies on fodder maize. Entomon, 27: 137–146.
- LeCato, G. L. and Davis, R. 1973. Preferences of the predator Xylocoris flavipes (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) for species and instars of stored – product insects. Florida Entomologist, 56: 57–59.
- Mondal, K. A. M. S. H. and Port, G. R. 1995. Effect of cyromazine on larval growth and adult population of susceptible and malathion-resistant strains of Tribolium castaneum Herbst. Journal of Biological Science, 3: 1–10.
- Muraleedharan, N. 1977. Some genera of anthocorinae (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) from South India. Entomon, 2: 231–235.
- Murata, M., Imamura, T. and Miyanoshita, A. 2007. Suppression of stored- product insect Tribolium confusum by Xylocoris flavipes and Amphibolus venator. Journal of Applied Entomolgy, 131: 559–563.
- Rahman, M. M., Islam, W. and Ahmed, K. N. 2009. Functional response of the predator Xylocoris flavipes to three stored product insect pests. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 11: 316–320.
- Shakil, N. A., Kumar, J., Pandey, P., Ahluwalia A., Singh, V. and Srivastava, C. 2009. Synthesis and pesticidal activity of new N-alkyl-N-[1-(2-hydroxyphenyl) Etyl]amines. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, 44: 344–349.
- Sing, S. E. and Arbogast, R. T. 2008. Optimal Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) density and time of introduction for suppression of bruchid progeny in stored legumes. Environmental Entomology, 37: 131–142.
- Tawfik, M. F. S. and El-Husseini, M. M. 1971. The life history of the anthocorid predator, Blaptostethus piceus Fieber var. pallescens Poppius (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d’ Egypte, 55: 239–252.
- Tawfik, M. F. S., Kira, M. T. and Metwally, S. M. I. 1974. On the abundance of major pests and their associated predators in corn plantation. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d’ Egypte, 58: 168–177.
- Tripathi, A. K., Singh, A. K. and Upadhyay, S. 2009. Contact and fumigant toxicity of some common spices against the storage insects Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 29: 151–157.
- Biology of Australian Ladybird Beetle, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant on Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 24, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 123-125Abstract
The biological parameters of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri on Phenacoccus solenopsis were studied under laboratory conditions at 17-27°C and 58-82% RH. The mean incubation period and total larval periods were 4.36 and 17.33 days (2.78, 4.64, 6.13 and 3.79 days for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar grubs, respectively). The pre-pupal, pupal and total development period recorded were 2.38, 8.69 and 32.75 days, respectively. Pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition periods were 7.23, 46.75 and 7.80 days, respectively. Males lived longer than females (68.30 and 61.78 days, respectively) and life cycle duration were 100.29 and 93.77 days, respectively. The mean fecundity was 98.15 (eggs/female) and sex ratio (male:female) was 1:1.36. The per cent hatchability and adult emergence observed were 79.00 and 88.50, respectively.Keywords
Biological Parameters, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, Phenacoccus solenopsis.- Management of Leaf Folder and Stem Borer on Coarse and Basmati Rice with Organic and Inorganic Practices
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana -141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 1 (2008), Pagination: 137-141Abstract
An experiment on the management of rice leaf folder and stem borer in two rice varieties, viz., PR 116 and Basmati 386, was conducted in the organic field area of Department of Agronomy and Agromet, PAU, Ludhiana, by comparing three treatments, viz, organic, recommended and integrated practices. Organic practices and integrated practices (seven releases of Trichogramma chilonis and T. japonicum @ 100000 each at weekly interval starting 30 DAT) proved to be effective in the management of rice leaf folder and stem borer in both the rice varieties.Keywords
Basmati Rice, Egg Parasitoids, Organic Rice, Rice Leaf Folder, Stem Borer.- Influence of Two Acaricides on Survival of Predator Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius) (Hemiptera:Anthocoridae)
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 30, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 11-14Abstract
Experiments were conducted to find out the influence of two acaricides (Propargite and Ethion) on survivability of an anthocorid predator, Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius) when exposed at different time intervals under laboratory conditions. In present investigation, the second instar nymphs of B. pallescens were exposed to propargite @ 300 ml/acre and ethion @ 450 ml/acre for different time intervals using two methods of treatment viz; leaf disc and foliar spray method. Both the acaricides had adverse effect on the survival of the predator but the effect of ethion was faster as compared to propargite. When exposure time for ethion treatment was increased from one to six hours, the mortality of second instar nymphs increased from 0.10 to 86.00 per cent. On the other hand, in case of propargite, the mortality was 0.10 per cent at 1 hour interval and gradually increased with increase in exposure time, up to 20 per cent at 48 hours of exposure. Second instar nymphs were released on potted plants showed higher rate of mortality after the foliar spray of acaricides as compared to those in leaf disc where corrected per cent mortality of ethion treated nymphs was 10.96 per cent at one hour of exposure and it became almost 100 per cent at six hours of exposure or above. Similar trend was followed in case of propargite where mortality was 6.97 to 75.5 per cent, when exposure time increased from one hour to 12 hours. Thus both acaricides were found to be unsafe to B. pallescens.Keywords
Acaricides, Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius), Ethion, Mortality, Propargite.References
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- Development and Reproductive Potential of Predatory Pirate Bug, Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius) at Different Temperatures
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 32, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 108-115Abstract
Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is a subtropical species and is reported to be a potential predator of sucking pests. Development of this predator was investigated at six different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40°C) in the laboratory. Temperature range of 20-30°C was found optimum. Rearing the bug at temperatures lower or higher than this range resulted in the mortality of both adults and pre-imaginal stages. The development of the bug showed a linear relationship with temperature within this range. Maximum fecundity (59 eggs) was recorded at 25 ± 5°C and it was best temperature for mass multiplication of this predatory bug.Keywords
Biology, Biocontrol, Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius), Development, Temperature.References
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- Ballal CR, Gupta T, Joshi S, Chandrashekhar K. 2009. Integrated Control in Protected Crops. In: Castane C and Perdikis D (Eds.). Evaluation of an anthocorid predator Blaptostethus pallescens against two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. IOBC/ WPRS Bull. 49:127-32.
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- Kaur P, Bhullar MB, Kaur R. 2012. Predatory potential of an anthocorid predator Blaptostethus pallescens (Poppius) against two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch on brinjal. Proc Agrochem Prot crops, Health Natural Envir 2nd Int Conf. New Delhi, India.
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- On-Farm Impact of Egg Parasitoid, Trichogramma Spp. Against Lepidopteran Pests in Organic Basmati Rice
Authors
1 Biocontrol Section, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 32, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 116-120Abstract
On farm impact of Trichogrammatids was studied against lepidopteran pests, i.e., yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) and leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) in organic basmati rice (var. Pusa 1121) over an area of 20 and 60 hectares during 2014 and 2015, respectively. Six augmentative releases of Trichogramma chilonis and T. japonicum each @ 1,00,000 parasitoids/ha were made starting from 30 days after transplanting (DAT) and was compared with untreated control. Based on the overall mean, the biocontrol treatment (1.74% DH) was significantly effective in reducing the dead heart incidence as compared to untreated control (4.52% DH). The reduction in dead hearts was 61.50 per cent in biocontrol over untreated control. The mean incidence of white ears was also significantly lower in biocontrol field (2.05%) as against untreated control (4.89%) resulting in a reduction of 58.08 per cent. Similarly, leaf folder damage in biocontrol (2.04% LFDL) resulted in 62.50 per cent reduction over untreated control (5.44% LFDL). Grain yield in biocontrol fields (29.81 q/ha) was 18.76 per cent more than the untreated control (25.10 q/ha). The increase in yield due to control of stem borers and leaf folder in biocontrol fields resulted in an additional benefit of INR 16332/- and INR 9818/- during 2014 and 2015, respectively. Conclusively, 6 releases of T. chilonis and T. japonicum each @ 1,00,000/ha resulted in lower incidence of rice insect pests and higher grain yield in organic basmati rice with an additional benefit over untreated control.Keywords
Biocontrol, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Scircophaga incertulas, Trichogramma Augmentation.References
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- Natural enemies of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on cotton in Punjab, India
Authors
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 32, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 270-274Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a polyphagous pest, widely distributed in diverse agroecosystems across the globe. Several bioagents including predators and parasitoids from diverse groups have been recorded against whitefly worldwide. A field survey was conducted during 2016 and 2017 in different cotton growing districts of Punjab to record the natural enemies associated with whitefly. Sixteen species of natural enemies were recorded, including 7 species of insect predators; 2 species of parasitoids and 7 species of spiders. Coccinella septempunctata Linneaus, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) and Brumoides suturalis (Fabricius), Serangium parcesetosum Sicard, Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Peterson), Zanchius breviceps (Wagner), Geocoris sp. and spiders were most commonly recorded predators. Out of these, Chrysoperla was the predominant species. Encarsia lutea (Masi) and Encarsia sophia (Girault & Dodd) were the two parasitoids that emerged from whitefly pupae. The mean parasitization of whitefly by Encarsia spp. in different cotton growing areas of Punjab was 5.20 per cent (range = 1.5 to 9.1 %).Keywords
Cotton, Parasitoid, Predator, Whitefly.References
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- Evaluation of Anthocorid Predator, Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius against Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch on Okra under Insect Net Cage Condition
Authors
1 Biocontrol Section, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 236-241Abstract
The present study deals with the evaluation of anthocorid bug, Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius against Tetranychus urticae Koch on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.), conducted in Karif season (June-August) during 2013-2015 in the net cage condition at Entomological Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The 6-7 days old nymphs of B. pallescens @ 10, 20 and 30 nymphs/m2 were released at weekly interval on the mite infested plants and these were compared with chemical control (Omite @ 300ml/acre at 10 days interval) and untreated control. The releases of predators and acaricidal spray on okra were found better than control in suppressing the population of T. urticae. The release of B. pallescens @ 30 nymphs/m2 was found most effective with a 75.86 to 81.20 per cent reduction of mite population over control. It was statistically at par with chemical control, where 84.04 to 91.66 per cent reduction of mite population over control was recorded. There was no significant difference observed in the reduction of mite population of the plots released with 20 and 10 nymphs/m2 of B. pallescens. The yield of okra from the plots of chemical control was recorded highest (52.70 q/acre), followed by 45.05 q/acre from the plots released with a B. pallescens @ 30 nymphs/m2 at seven days interval. The study concluded that, integrating predator, B. pallescens @ 30 nymphs/plant along with acaricide (Omite 300 ml/acre) as a component of IPM for the management of two-spotted spider mite, T. urticae on okra under net house conditions.
Keywords
Anthocorid Bug, Blaptostethus pallescens, Okra, Tetranychus urticae, Two-Spotted Red Spider Mite.References
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